Understanding Trademarks: Symbols and Usage

A trademark is a legally registered sign that helps distinguish the goods or services of one entity from those of others. While "trademark" and "brand" are often used interchangeably, they are not the same. A trademark specifically refers to a sign that protects intellectual property, whereas a brand is a broader concept that includes the entire identity, reputation, and image of a company.

Trademark vs. Brand

• Trademark: A specific mark (word, symbol, logo) legally protecting a product or service.
• Brand: A comprehensive identity that encompasses the trademark, as well as a company’s reputation, ethos, and customer loyalty.

Types of Trademarks:

Trademarks can be classified based on recognizability:

1. Ordinary Trademarks: These protect only the goods or services for which they were registered.
2. Well-Known Trademarks: These have widespread recognition and receive protection even beyond the goods or services for which they are registered (e.g., Mac).

Trademark Symbols:

• ™ (TM Symbol): Used for unregistered trademarks (product or goods). It indicates that the mark is being used as a trademark but has not yet been formally registered.
• ℠ (SM Symbol): Used for unregistered service marks, which are marks for services (as opposed to goods).
• ® (R Symbol): Used for registered trademarks. This symbol signifies that the trademark is officially registered with the appropriate trademark office, granting the owner exclusive rights to its use.

How to Use Trademark Symbols Correctly:

1. ™ (TM Symbol):
   • Used to indicate a claim of ownership over a trademark that has not yet been registered.
   • This is typically placed after the trademarked word or logo.
   • Example: "MyProduct™"
2. ℠ (SM Symbol):
   • Used similarly to the ™ symbol but for service-related marks.
   • This symbol is also informal but signifies that a service is being offered under a claimed trademark.
   • Example: "ServiceBrand℠"
3. ® (R Symbol):
   • Indicates a trademark that has been formally registered with the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) or another recognized authority.
   • It is illegal to use this symbol unless the trademark is officially registered.
   • Example: "BrandName®"

How to Insert the TM Symbol:

There are several ways to insert the TM symbol in your text, whether on a Windows computer, using numeric codes, or through Word settings.

Methods for Inserting the TM Symbol:

1. Copy and Paste:
   • Find the TM symbol (™) in another document or website.
   • Copy it (Ctrl + C) and paste it (Ctrl + V) into your text.
2. Using the Windows Character Map:
   • Open the Character Map app in Windows.
   • Search for ™ and click Select, then click Copy.
   • Paste it into your document.
3. Using ASCII Codes:
   • Make sure Num Lock is activated.
   • Hold the Alt key and type 0153 on the numeric keypad.
4. Inserting in Microsoft Word:
   • In Word, type (TM) and press Space. Word will automatically convert it into the ™ symbol.
   • Similarly, type (R) to insert the ® symbol.

By using these symbols appropriately, you can indicate your claim over a trademark, whether it is in the process of registration or already fully protected.